Ansa na 1863 reba no, na silicon-nnuru a nnipa nim na wɔde di dwuma nyinaa yɛ inorganic silicon compounds, a abɔde mu silicon-a egyina nneɛma so a wɔdannan no ma ɛbɛyɛ nnɛyi nneɛma te sɛ dɔte, semɛnte, ne ahwehwɛ ka ho. Wɔ 1863 mu no, Fransefo nnuruyɛfo C. feidedel ne JM raft yɛɛ tetraethyl silane denam sɛnea ethyl zinc ne silicon tetrafluoride a ɛwɔ afiri a wɔatoto mu no yɛ wɔn ade no so. Ná ɛyɛ organosilicon aduru a edi kan wɔ abakɔsɛm mu. Eyi nso na ɛhyɛɛ organosilicon chemistry ase.
Efi saa bere no, nnuruyɛfo kɔɔ so yɛɛ organosilicon nnuru foforo. Wɔn mu no, ɛfata sɛ yɛka A. lamenberg a ɛde ethyl orthosilicate di dwuma de si silicon tetrachloride ananmu na ɛne alkyl zinc yɛ adwuma ma ɛne monosilicon nnuru a wɔde yɛ organosilicon no di dwuma -, ii -, ne III silicon functionals, ne A.polis, a ɛma ne nyinaa yɛ adwuma, tetrafo no yɛ adwuma. Wɔ mfe 40 a ɛkɔɔ so kosii 1903 mu no, ɛwom sɛ wɔanyɛ mfiridwuma mu nkɔso biara a ɛhyɛ silicone nkɔso ho nkuran ankasa de, nanso nnuruyɛfo yɛɛ akwampae adwuma pii wɔ saa bere yi mu. Enti, wobetumi abu saa fã yi sɛ silicone a wɔde sii hɔ no.
Wobu Britania nnuruyɛfo FSKIP a agye din no sɛ ɔno na ɔhyehyɛɛ organosilicon chemistry. Efi 1898 kosi 1944 no, ɔyɛɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛtrɛw na ɛwɔ-depth nhwehwɛmu mu wɔ saa asɛm yi mu na ɔkɔɔ so tintim nkrataa 51 a ɛfa ho wɔ Journal of the Chemical Society of the United Kingdom.
Wɔ 1904 mu no, W ne German nnuruyɛfo Dithethes de wɔn ho hui sɛ wobetumi ayɛ organosilicon nnuru denam Grignard adeyɛ no so. Saa kwan yi nyaa nkɔsoɔ kɛseɛ sene dadeɛ-organic synthesis akwan a atwam no ɛnam sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ ɛbɛyɛ adwuma, aba a ɛkɔ soro, dwumadie a ɛtrɛ ne ahobanbɔ a ɛkorɔn. Wobetumi de saa kwan yi adi dwuma de ayɛ organosilicon nnuru ahorow a ɛsono silicon dwumadi ahorow .
Kip-ping Synthesized dodow kɛse bi a abura-akyerɛkyerɛ organosilicon nnuru denam saa kwan yi a wɔde di dwuma so. Saa kwan yi bɛyɛɛ organosilicon adwumayɛ no fapem daakye, na ɛda so ara yɛ akwan a ɛho hia sen biara a wɔfa so yɛ organosilicon nnɛ no mu biako. RMGCL+SICL- RSICL:+RSICL+R:SIC1+ RSI +MGCL,(2.3)Ka so a wɔde organochlorosilanes a wɔayɛ no di dwuma de Grignard reagent kwan no di dwuma na wohu sɛ wobetumi ayɛ nsu a wɔde bɛyɛ silanols. Bere koro no ara mu no, ohui nso sɛ silanediol ne siltriol betumi akɔ so ayɛ nsu a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu ma ayɛ polymers. Nanso, sɛ́ organic chemist no, wamfa n’adwene ansi saa adeyɛ yi so koraa na mpo ɔtan saa polymer nneɛma yi. Enti, wansua wɔn ho ade. Wɔ eyi mu no, Dilthey yɛɛ adwuma a mfaso wɔ so ampa: Ɔtwee diphenylsilanediol a ɔde nyaa hexaphenylcyclotrisiloxane no mu. Eyi ne cyclic polysiloxane aduru a edi kan a wɔbɔɔ ho amanneɛ wɔ abakɔsɛm mu. Ɛyɛ ɔkwampaefo wɔ linear silicon-oxane a wɔyɛ mu, na ne ba no adi dwuma pa kɛse wɔ organosilicon polymers nkɔso ho nkuran.
Efi 1904 kosi 1937 no, ɛnyɛ sɛ nyansahufo yɛɛ organosilicon nnuru pii a ɛnyɛ den nko na mmom wɔyɛɛ cyclic ne linear polysiloxysaccharides nso. Bio nso, A.Stock ahu silanhydrides pii wɔ nhwehwɛmu titiriw mu na afi ase reyɛ silicon atom nnuru a ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ no. Mfe aduasa a atwam no ayɛ bere a organosilicon chemistry nyin.
1930 mfeɛ no akyi no nnuruyɛfoɔ hyɛɛ aseɛ hunuu dwumadie ho anidasoɔ a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛdi dwuma wɔ-molecular organosilicon compounds. Nhwehwɛmufo a wodii kan wɔ saa adwuma yi mu no bi ne jfhyde a ɛwɔ Corning Glass Company a ɛwɔ United States, WJ Petnode ne Egrochow a ɛwɔ General Electric (GE) wɔ United States, ne Ka a na ɛwɔ hɔ kan Soviet Union Andrianov ne Bndolgov, R. Miller a wofi Germany, ne nea ɛkeka ho no.
Hyde, a ɛne Kipping adwene bɔ abira no, nea edi kan a ɛde organosilicon chemistry ne polymer chemistry boom. Wɔ n’akwankyerɛ ase no, Corning Inc. yɛɛ silicone resins, coatings, impregnating agents ne polyorganosiloxane nneɛma afoforo pii a wɔde yɛ anyinam ahoɔden a ɛmma anyinam ahoɔden ntumi nkɔ ahwehwɛ mu. Saa bere yi mu no, dowchemicals a ɛwɔ United States nso fii ase yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛfa polyorganosiloxanes a wɔyɛ ho na wɔde afifide a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu sii hɔ maa dimethyl silicone ngo ne methyl phenyl silicone resin wɔ 1942. Saa bere no, na organochlorosilane monomers no titiriw na wɔde rgnard kwan a wɔfa so yɛ no, enti orgamers a wɔde maa wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛɛ mu no yɛɛ kɛse. Wɔ 1940 mu no, Rochow yɛɛ "Direct synthesis kwan" a ɛwɔ methylsilane no mu na ɔde dii dwuma maa patent. Saa kwan yi mfa nnuru a wɔde siw ano nni dwuma. Ɛyɛ gas-solid phase reaction a wɔde chloromethane gu silicon powder a kɔbere a ɛma nneɛma yɛ hyew wom mu tẽẽ (Equation 2.4). Saa bere yi ara mu no, Germanni nnuruyɛfo Muller nso bisaa tumi krataa a ɛte saa ara, nanso da a wɔde dii kan no yɛ asram akron akyi sen Rochow de no. Saa mmoa a ɛda nsow yi ama nsakrae kɛse aba wɔ silicone a wɔyɛ no mu na ɛhyɛ silicone nnwuma no nkɔso a ɛkɔ so no ho nkuran.
Wɔ 1943 mu no, Dow Chemical Company ne Corning Inc. boom hyehyɛɛ wiase-silicone adwumayɛfo adwumakuw a agye din - Dow Corning Corporation, na wɔ afe koro no ara mu no, wɔyɛɛ adwumayɛbea bi a wɔyɛ polyorganosiloxanes wɔ Mdand, Michigan, USA. Ankyɛ na adwumakuw no yɛɛ DC#4 ignition sealing material na wɔde dii dwuma yiye wɔ wimhyɛn a ɛkorɔn-altitude wimhyɛn mu. Akyiri yi, adwumakuw no yɛɛ silicone resin ahorow pii, nneɛma a wɔde kata so, ngo a ɛmma nsu ntumi nkɔ mu, ngo a wɔde srade gu mu, defoamers ne nneɛma afoforo. Wɔ 1947 mu no, General Electric Company nso hyehyɛɛ organosilicon division, a ɛnam ɔkwan tẽẽ so yɛɛ organosilicon mframa na ɛyɛɛ polysiloxane nneɛma. Silicone adwumayɛbea ahorow a edii hɔ bae no gyee mfiridwuma a ɛwɔ General Electric Company no toom.
Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ silicone polymers a ɛwɔ kan Soviet Union no mu no yɛ nea ɛda nsow kɛse, titiriw Andrianov. Nea ɛka adwuma pii a ɔyɛe wɔ polysiloxane polymers ho na ɔde organosilicon polymers pii yɛɛ adwuma a mfaso wɔ so sɛ wɔde bedi dwuma no, ɔsan nso de nneɛma afoforo te sɛ boron, aluminium, titanium, tin ne phosphorus baa polysiloxane nhyehyɛe no mu de yɛɛ nsakrae. Ɔno nso ne onipa a odi kan a ɔde silazane dii dwuma sɛ ade a nsu ntumi nkɔ mu.
Wɔ Wiase Ko II awiei akyi no, esiane sɛ wɔde silicone nneɛma dii dwuma yiye wɔ asraafo a wɔyɛ mu nti, silicone adwuma no nyaa nkɔso ntɛmntɛm yiye na ne nyinaa fii ase wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ so daa so. Wɔ 1950 mfe no mu no, wɔde nnwumakuw a wɔyɛ silicone no sii hɔ nnidiso nnidiso wɔ aman ahorow so. Silicone polymer nneɛma ahorow, te sɛ silicone rɔba (a ɛka ho ne soro-temperature curing rɔba, dan mu hyew vulcanizing rɔba, transparent silicone rɔba-a ɛko tia fluosilicone rɔba, ne nea ɛkeka ho), diffusion pɔmpɛ ngo, laminating resin, silicone emulpet, silicone surfactant. Baako akyi biako.
Wɔ 1938 ne 1965 ntam no, wɔ nsusuwii ne dwuma a wɔde di nyinaa mu; Organosilicon chemistry renya nkɔso ntɛmntɛm wɔ monomers ne polymers nyinaa mu. Ɛha yi, nsɛntitiriw a ɛsɛ sɛ wosi so dua no bi ne: silicylation reactions, hydrosilylation reactions, nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ photoactive organosilicon compounds, organosilicon compounds a carbon functional akuw a wɔyɛ, reaction mechanisms a wɔhwehwɛ, improvement of polymerization akwan, ne silicone oil a ɛbae nnidiso nnidiso no, silicone rɔba a ɛbae no, na etc.
Efi 1965, a ɛka nneɛma a wɔatumi ayɛ a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no a wɔbɛma ayɛ biako, wɔbɛma anya nkɔso, wɔbɛma atu mpɔn na wɔde adi dwuma ho no, nkurɔfo nso adan akɔ organosilicon nnuruyɛ adwuma foforo no so. Wɔn mu no, nea ɛda nsow no bi ne: organosilicon stereochemistry, organosilicon nnuru a ɛwɔ nipadua mu dwumadi, cyclic ne linear polysilanes, silicon ahorow{2{2}}a ɛwɔ ntam a ɛwɔ ntam, unaturated bonds of bond compounds of silicon, ternary ring compounds, polymers{3}Meliconsss Sesquiloxanes, silicon-a ɛwɔ dendritic ne hyperbranched polymer nnuru, ne nea ɛkeka ho Wɔ silicone adwumayɛ mu no, silicone monomers ne polymers a wɔyɛ no kɛse no trɛw bere nyinaa, mfiridwuma ho mfiridwuma renya nkɔso bere nyinaa, na ɛka a wɔbɔ wɔ nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho no so tew bere nyinaa. Eyi ma silicone nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yɛ nea akansi wom kɛse. Nkɔsoɔ a ɛkɔ so wɔ Multi-dwumadie mu ne deɛ ɛkorɔn-Adwumayɛ silicone nneɛma, te sɛ aduruyɛ, nsuo a ɛkɔ nsuo mu ne nsuo a ɛma nsuo yɛ adwuma no, akɔ so atrɛ wɔn dwumadie mu. Silicone a wɔde yɛ nneɛma no kɔ ɔman no sikasɛm mu mfuw ahorow mu bere nyinaa wɔ akwan atitiriw te sɛ silicone ngo, silicone rɔba, silicone resin, ne silane a wɔde ka bom so.